A 4-Week Period of Administration of Fenugreek Oil or Metformin Improve Cardiac and Renal Complications in Metabolic Syndrome‐Induced Rats

Background: Frequent consumption of fructose and saturated fatty acids increase risk of metabolic syndrome (MS). Features of MS include insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, visceral obesity, and hypertension.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of fenugreek oil and metformin in ameliorating features of MS.

Methods: Induction of MS in rats by high‐fructose high‐fat fed diet was certain after 8 weeks. Animals were divided into four groups: normal control, MS control group given saline, MS groups given fenugreek oil (4 ml/kg), and metformin (100 mg/kg) daily for 4 weeks. Blood pressure, heart rate, creatine kinase-MB, and lactate dehydrogenase were estimated. Also renal function and antioxidant activity were evaluated. In addition, to C-reactive protein, and fibrinogen determined.

Results: Fenugreek oil and metformin caused decrease in both MS‐induced increase in blood pressure and heart rate. They reduced creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, uric acid, albumin, and MDA with increased Glutathione, and superoxide dismutase. Drugs also decreased C-reactive protein, and fibrinogen compared with MS control group.

Conclusion: Fenugreek oil and metformin ameliorate cardiac and renal complication of MS via their antioxidant activity