An Age-dependent Association between Diabetic Hyperglycemia and Dyslipidemia in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease

Aim: Dyslipidaemia and diabetes mellitus (DM) are major causes of cardiovascular diseases. Both of these two have varying effects on individuals of different age and gender. An age-dependent association between blood glucose level and lipid profile of patients with DM and ischemic heart disease (IHD) were investigated.

Design of Study: The Age-dependent association between the selected variables was determined by the linear, exponential, and polynomial regression models.

Place and Duration of Study: The present study was conducted at the outdoor patient department of Chaudhary Pervez Elahi Institute of Cardiology, Multan, Pakistan during June 2014-August 2018.

Methodology: The study includeda total of 756 individuals (Age range = 21-80 years) divided into male (n = 420) and female (n = 336) gender groups each subdivided into four groups i) Non-diabetic without IHD, ii) Non-diabetic with IHD, iii) Diabetic without IHD, and iv) Diabetic with IHD. Each of the four groups was further divided into six age groups. The blood samples were analyzed for fasting blood glucose (FBG) and lipid profile using standard methods.

Results: The diabetic patients with and without IHD of both genders showed significant elevation in FBS and components of lipid profile except high-density lipoprotein. Regression analysis showed an age-dependent significant increase (p < 0.05) in the studied parameters of cardiac patients with and without IHD. The components of the lipid profile of diabetic patients with IHD showed positive linear, exponential, and polynomial correlations with FBG of the respective group.

Conclusion: The age-dependent elevation in FBG, TG, CH, LDL and VLDL, and positive correlations between lipid profile and FBG of diabetic patients with IHD provides a piece of evidence for a strong association between diabetic hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and ischemia. The study would be a significant contribution in the literature and useful information for physicians regarding the interrelationship of the three clinical disorders.